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Implementation of Real-time Safety Status Information Map and Tangible Disaster Safety Management Service
Implementation of Real-time Safety Status Information Map and Tangible Disaster Safety Management Service Tae-hoon Kim(Ph.D) Research Fellow, Department of Future Technology and Convergence Research Foreword Recent accidents like the fires at multi-use facilities such as Sejong Hospital in Miryang (2018), at the goshiwon (highly dense studio accommodation) in Jongno-gu, Seoul (2018), at a nursing hospital in Gimpo (2019) and at the Jeil Pyeonghwa Market in Jung-gu, Seoul (2019) have caused extensive damage to life and property, increasing public and social interests and concerns. Multiple-user facilities are becoming denser, more complex and larger in size, increasing the risk of fires. Children, seniors, the disabled and other socially vulnerable persons are particularly at risk in the event of fires and other large disasters, calling for a prompter disaster response. While spatial data and other IT-related technologies are being used to a limited extend in disaster response systems, state-of-the-art IT such as sensors, sensor networks, high-capacity processing, situational awareness and three-dimensional visualization techniques need to be applied. In particular, technologies that provide real-time safety information on the sites of fires to enable prompt response, real-time three-dimensional safety status map services, sensor-based real-time site monitoring services, services to provide optimized dynamic evacuation pathways which change based on the progress of a fire, services providing optimized response plans for each situation and virtual training services based on spatial data can allow for a more effective response to fires. Implementation of a time-variant safety status map A “time-variant safety status map” displays the safety level of zones, buildings and stories in buildings, all of which vary over time, on a map. This type of map provides an easy-to-understand picture of building risk levels, which are an extremely complex issue. A similar real-world example is the government’s Korea Safety Map. This service provides state safety information (transportation, disaster response, security, services for the socially vulnerable, infrastructure, occupational safety, public health, accidents, safety facilities, etc.) in a GIS environment for use by the public anywhere and at any time through the web (www.safemap.go.kr) and mobile devices. The service is based on statistical data or data gathered by state agencies and local governments. As the spatial scope of these services is limited to the jurisdiction of the respective local governments, they are limited in terms of their capacity to provide real-time information or identify precise user locations. In contrast, a time-variant safety status map has a more detailed spatial scope (building complexes, buildings, floors, zones) and uses data from indoor fire sensors, etc. and local weather information to provide safety status information that is more precise in terms of time and location. To generate the safety status information, data from previous research, national statistical data and data from the fire insurance association were researched and analyzed, classifying the information into four categories—risk levels by business category, building safety, firefighting equipment and facilities and fire risk—as shown in Figure 1. The items under these four categories were category of business, building structure, number of floors, year constructed, automatic fire extinguishing equipment, automatic fire detection equipment, smoke ventilation equipment, fire load, hazardous materials, risks in the vicinity, ease of evacuation, promptness of reporting, and accessibility. The data necessary for the respective component items is obtained through public data portals or on-site data surveying. Using the time-variant safety status estimation model, safety status indices are assessed for each building, floor and zone. Of these component elements, the business category of tenant businesses in a building is a priority indicator of a building’s fire risk. Businesses were classified into 30 categories, and the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) was used to assess the base risk level, converted risk level, weight for risk to human life and overall business category risk level for each. The results were combined to assess a risk level for each. Building safety data was obtained through the public data portal (www.data.go.kr) and the building register. Information on firefighting equipment and facilities was acquired using data from periodic firefighting equipment inspections, while fire risk and fire response status data were acquired through firefighting equipment inspection and on-site inspection data and geospatial data. Time-variant data that will be added include data from fire sensors, etc. from within individual buildings, and weather data (wind speed, wind direction, etc.) which can be obtained from the Korea Meteorological Administration. Research in these areas is currently ongoing. [Figure 1] (Tentative) Component Elements of Safety Status Information To organize the time-variant safety status information by building, floor and zone, a code system was adopted. Building ideas are assigned as “postal code” + “building number.” The postal code is a code used for convenience in classifying outgoing mail according to recipient address. Addresses are converted into numbers according to a defined set of rules, meaning each address has a unique value. To identify large buildings or multi-user buildings which have single addresses, a building number (or index, two digits) are added. Floor ID indicates the number of each floor, with the ground floor assigned the number “1.” Floors below ground level have a “B” added in front, denoting “basement.” Zone ID is used to differentiate fire zones or business categories on the same level, and layer ID is used when displaying the results from the safety status information estimation model; the results can be divided into a fire layer, an earthquake layer, a time-variant fire layer and a time-variant earthquake layer. An example of the time-variant safety status information code system is shown in Figure 2. [Figure 2] Code system (example) for time-variant safety status information Safety status information grades were defined by referring to Article 16, Paragraph 1 of the Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures, and Annexed Table 8) of the Enforcement Decree to the Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures. The grades form a five-step scale: A (outstanding), B (good), C (average), D (unsatisfactory) and E (poor). Details are as shown in Table 1. Safety grade Status A (Outstanding) Outstanding fire safety in terms of building structure and automatic fire extinguishing facilities. Low possibility of fire, and good containment of any fires that do occur, resulting in only mild damage. B (Good) Good safety status and business categories, resulting in a low possibility of fire. Building structure is stable, with automatic fire extinguishing equipment installed in most parts of the building, preventing complete destruction in the event of a fire. C (Average) Fire risk level of the business categories represented is average. Some parts of the building are not fireproof. Automatic fire extinguishing equipment is installed in 50% of the building or less, making the spread of a fire a possibility. D (Unsatisfactory) Building is not managed satisfactorily. Many parts of the building are not fireproof, resulting in high fire risk. There is almost no automatic fire extinguishing equipment, and the building stands to suffer extensive damage in the event of a fire. E (Poor) Business categories represented are prone to fires. Building structure is not fireproof, and there is no automatic fire extinguishing equipment, making complete destruction of the building in the event of fire very possible. [Table 1] Time-variant Safety Status Information Grades The safety status information assigned in this manner is converted into a map and displayed through the 3D safety status information platform. Data for zones, levels and buildings is displayed at the appropriate LOD (Level of Detail) set by the user, enabling efficient visualization. The 3D viewer may look something like Figure 3. [Figure 3] Visualization(example) of safety status information by building/floor/zone Development of a tangible disaster safety management service To provide tangible disaster safety management services, conventional disaster management concepts must be further developed from four perspectives: “location,” “time,” “method” and “training.” That is, the capacity to properly respond to disaster situations requires that a user be provided risk status information on his current position, building or zone or space of interest (“location) that is as timely and accurate (“time”) as possible, and through various state-of-the-art devices (“method”), and that the user is repeatedly trained (“training”) in virtual reality situations mirroring actual on-site conditions. The time-variant safety status information mentioned in the above can be an effective tool supporting an easy, visual judgment of on-site disaster safety situation information. The proposed tangible disaster safety management service, as shown in Figure 4, can be divided into disaster situation services and normal situation services. During normal times, a user must be able to easily access building information such as firefighting equipment, and the location and status of various facilities, as well as monitor real-time information from various sensors installed inside and outside the building. Such information must be represented in the 3D safety status information, allowing at-a-glance determination of building safety information. The system must be interfaced with building occupant information for each floor and zone, and CCTV systems must be built so that users can view the building situation directly. The system must allow for the use of an automated tool for total inspection of equipment at the time of periodic fire safety inspections, and 3D spatial data in the form of digital twins, for instance, must be implemented to allow virtual disaster response training in a variety of scenarios. When a disaster situation occurs, the building manager must promptly be made aware of the situation through a mobile device, etc. Emergency alerts must be issued through various devices, and information on the situation must immediately be reported to the competent authorities (local government and fire station, etc.). When alerting building tenants, occupants and firefighters of the emergency, the information must be provided through the web, mobile devices, wall-mounted dashboards and automatic broadcasts in a manner that enables each party to perform his or her assigned role, or to evacuate effectively. For an optimized response with minimal damage, it is necessary to take how the fire is spreading into account. Using the data collected by sensors in the building, optimized evacuation routes must be provided by floor, zone and occupant type. In addition, the ever-changing time-variant safety status map will enable the building safety manager to promptly respond to situations on-site, and periodically provide related real-time information to fire stations and firefighters. Situational response information that is optimized to site conditions must be provided to fire response organizations (emergency response teams and evacuation teams, etc.) among building tenants. [Figure 4] Tangible disaster management service (example) Conclusion While various studies and response system development projects have been conducted with the aim of enabling effective responses to fires and other disasters that occur in buildings such as multi-user facilities, there is much room for improvement in the areas of response systems and services development utilizing state-of-the-art IT technology. The time-variant safety status map and tangible disaster safety management service discussed in the text are being developed as national R&D projects, to allow prompt identification and responses to such disaster situations. Research and discussions continue on the questions of how time-variant outdoor and indoor data such as sensor information and weather information may be effectively reflected in the safety status index of the current safety status information map, and how the tangible disaster safety management service can be provided to the public in a less expensive, more compact package form. If these issues are resolved, and laws and related institutes are supplemented as necessary, it is expected that better preparedness and more prompt response to disasters involving multi-user facilities and other buildings will help minimize damage to property and human life. References · KIET (December 2019) Second Year Report on Development of Technologies to Provide Tailored Spatial Data-based Tangible Disaster Management Content · KIET (September 2020) Presentation materials for Interim Report on Third Year of Development of Technologies to Provide Tailored Spatial Data-based Tangible Disaster Management Content
Department of Future&Smart Construction Research
Date
2020-11-02
Hit
955
Development of Intelligent, Geospatial Information-based Security Technologies
Development of Intelligent, Geospatial Information-based Security Technologies Jun-yeop Na(Ph.D.) Research Fellow, Department of Future Technology and Convergence Research Foreword The central and local governments are providing a number of diverse security services to prevent and deal with various crimes. These security services make use of spatial information to provide basic crime reporting, real-time location and emergency dispatch functions. But certain limitations to these security services are evident, including the difficulty in obtaining precise spatial data, errors in spatial data, discontinuities between indoor and outdoor spatial data, and insufficient interfacing with CCTV systems. To address these limitations, research was conducted to enable precise user location information to be obtained using spatial data technology, to implement intelligent CCTV video processing, to analyze high crime rate areas, and to liaise with the competent authorities in the event of crimes. The Ministry of Land, Transport and Infrastructure has commissioned research for the development of smart crime prevention technologies based on spatial information technology, and is working to implement a social safety net for the prevention of sex crimes as part of a multi-ministry project. As part of its research for these two projects, KICT has begun its “research project for development of intelligent, geospatial information-based security technologies.” The aims of the research project are as follows: to improve social safety networks and infrastructures using geospatial information to ensure safety in the everyday lives of the public; to use existing spatial data research to develop cutting-edge technologies so that more effective safety and crime prevention services can be furnished; and, to build a trial zone for the pre-commercialization testing of these new technologies. Given these aims, the project's objectives are as follows: to develop precision location-determining technologies and supporting technologies for the implementation of public safety infrastructure and services; to develop spatial data-based intelligent crime prevention services technology interfaced with CCTV systems in order to implement a crime-preventing social safety network; and, to implement and operate a spatial data-based intelligent crime prevention technology trial zone to fully test these new technologies before providing them to the public. The present text will discuss some of the component technologies of spatial data-based intelligent crime prevention technology. [Figure 1] Composition of spatial data-based intelligent crime prevention technologies (Pic will be added soon) Precision location-determining technologies Technology was developed to enable services that provide precision smartphone-based positioning for the socially vulnerable, anywhere and at any time. Significantly, this newly developed technology uses correction data to provide precise location data in “shadow” areas and areas with poor reception, such as narrow alleyways. To this end, GPD data and correction data received from base stations are used to generate correction and parameter data in the DGPS correction data-generating server, shadow area correction data and parameter-generating server and Assisted-GNSS parameter-generating servers at local government control centers. The generated data and parameters are used to provide users with precision real-time Internet positioning services. Users are able to promptly determine initial user position through A-GNSS data received through the Internet, and the DGPS correction data received together is used to obtain highly precise and highly reliable position data. This means that even when DGPS information cannot be received in areas with poor reception, the shadow area correction data and parameters previously received can be employed to allow the continued use of DGPS services. While existing indoor positioning technologies use a single signal or two-to-three signals at most, the present study has developed technology that harnesses all available indoor and outdoor signals as a composite signal to build data. Deep learning techniques are applied to this data to produce a combined indoor and outdoor position-determining technology with 30% greater accuracy than existing technologies. Technology for smart crime-prevention services interfaced with CCTV systems While local governments are continuing to install and operate CCTV systems, conventional image analysis techniques are prone to misidentification due to reflective surfaces and shadows. Also, they do not provide accurate three-dimensional analyses (position and area detection) of detected objects. To address this problem, real-time background space/moving object separation and tracking technology using stereo video was developed together with a three-dimensional image analysis program and map-based monitoring viewer, allowing for an effective analysis and control system to be provided. For a combined analysis of feeds from multiple CCTV units, a cooperative multi-CCTV spatial data-based tracking and control system was developed. Cooperative CCTV technology is able to quickly learn images of a selected suspect in CCTV feeds. When the suspect moves out of the frame and into the field of view of another CCTV unit, the system informs the controller intuitively of how similar a person detected on the new CCTV unit is to the selected suspect. In addition, a crime prevention information service was developed that is able to display comprehensive crime information within an area. The crime prevention information service shows neighborhood safety facilities (police stations, fire stations, patrol divisions, neighborhood safety facilities) on a map. Using the CPTED technique, a safety index is assessed for parks, and parks are classified according to the level of safety. [Figure 2] Overview: DGPS system for precision outdoor position determination (Pic will be added soon) Consolidated intelligent crime prevention operation system The combined intelligent crime prevention operation system was developed as a tool to provide precision location-determining technologies and intelligent CCTV-interfaced crime prevention services to the public. The system uses service scenarios for each of the technologies, interfacing services which can be operated in integration and enabling local governments to operate them directly. The combined operation system is comprised of a web service operated at local governments’ control centers, and a mobile service for use by the general public. Conclusion Technologies to prevent and cope with crime were developed to incorporate spatial data, an important element of state information. The socioeconomic cost of crime is increasing every year, and there is a rising global interest in the implementation of safety systems for women, senior citizens, children and other socially vulnerable individuals. By harnessing low-cost DGPS services and interfacing these with the continuously-growing number of CCTV systems, existing public safety services can be qualitatively improved. By interfacing with existing social safety infrastructure, the technologies developed can be used for crime-related data collection and monitoring, as well as for smart city crime prevention solutions. Other applications for the technologies will include: manpower and materials monitoring at construction sites, parking lot navigation systems for car sharing services, and disaster response in tunnels and underground spaces. References • KICT (May 2019), Presentation Materials from Working-level Smart City Round Table for Local Governments • Ministry of Land, Transport and Infrastructure (September 2019), Final Report, Development of Spatial Data-based Intelligent Crime Prevention Technologies for Public Safety [Figure 3] Configuration of positioning technology using multiple composite signals
Department of Future&Smart Construction Research
Date
2020-10-02
Hit
922
Accurately and Timely Flash Flood Forecasting
Accurately and Timely Flash Flood Forecasting Seok Hwan Hwang (Research Fellow, Flash Flood Research Center) Overview Korea and the rest of East Asia have suffered massive damage this year after experiencing the longest rainy season on record as well as repeated torrential downpours. These challenging experiences have highlighted the importance of being able to accurately predict sudden flash floods. The Flash Flood Research Center at the KICT is currently developing a system for predicting localized flash floods and providing early warning notifications for urban inundation. Once implemented, the system will be able to quickly and accurately identify flash floods at least one hour before they actually occur, giving residents a chance to evacuate or take other precautions. The system is expected to help drastically reduce the loss of life and property due to water damage during the summer. Flood Forecasting in Populated Areas Numerous water-related disasters have occurred in Korea in the summer of 2020. Rivers flowing through the city overflowed, landslides buried human dwellings in mud and soil, and apartment complexes were inundated with flood water. This type of water damage happens every year, resulting in the loss of both lives and property. These accidents occur suddenly, without warning, making them even more damaging. Dr. Seok Hwan Hwang(Ph.D.), who is the head of the Flash Flood Research Center, has met with numerous public servants working for related authorities, and they have unanimously stated that even less than an hour’s warning would be hugely effective in preventing the loss of human life. “Public servants working with related authorities have consistently called for threat prediction information for disaster response operations. Predicting threats may be difficult, but it is also essential. At this point in time, flood forecasts are provided only for the country’s major rivers, but flood damage reaches far beyond these major rivers. That is why there is a need for flash flood warnings to cover the entire country. How safe Koreans feel should not be dependent on where they live.” ▲ [{hoto 1] Head of the Flash Flood Research Center, Dr. Seok Hwan Hwang(Ph.D.) The Flash Flood Research Center at the KICT is currently developing a system to predict localized flash floods and provide early warnings for urban inundation. Effective forecasting of localized flash flooding across vast areas involves the use of rainfall data gathered remotely using radar technology. Accurate flash flood forecasting is only possible using highly accurate rainfall measurements obtained remotely by radar. The Flash Flood Research Center is currently developing technology to enhance the accuracy of such technologies. “The Flash Flood Forecasting System uses meteorological radar data to predict rainfall. However, the accuracy ofradar-based predictions decreases significantly when making forecasts more than hour into the future. In order to overcome these limitations, we are developing a technology that combines short-term radar prediction data with numerical weather prediction data so that we can ensure accurate rainfall predictions up to three hours in advance.” The localized flash flooding prediction system under development is currently undergoing field testing at the Ministry of Environment’s Flood Control Office with the aim of putting the system into field operations by 2021. Dr. Hwang introduces the localized flash flooding prediction system as a technology that brings flood forecasting into people’s“everyday living sphere.” Once implemented, the technology will be able to provide a one-hour warning for flash floods anywhere in the country. “Another characteristic of the system is that it analyzes open information on the web and social media to self-diagnose flood threat prediction errors. This will allow the accuracy of the system’s flood predictions to increase as the system matures. We are also developing techniques to track torrential rainfall to predict the spread and proliferation of flood risk. We are also working to develop techniques to calculate, early on, based on cloud formations, whether there is a possibility that the resulting rainfall will develop into torrential downpours that are likely to cause flash flooding.” Dual-polarization Technology for Enhanced Accuracy Flash floods are caused by convective precipitation, which develops vertically, or by precipitation fronts, which develop in one area and then move to another. The flooding that happened in Busan and Daejeon this summer developed in this same way. This past summer, many people wondered why flooding happened in the heart of the city, away from the rivers. Dr. Hwang explains that flood characteristics, damage, and risk levels vary substantially depending on the topology. “In low-lying urban areas, such as the Gangnam district of Seoul, the amount of water that gathers in one place and the speed at which it flows will be completely different than in a village on Mt. Jirisan. That is why current special weather reports based on precipitation data often fail to predict the flash flood conditions that people actually experience in real life. This type of data is insufficient in providing early warning for sudden flash floods.” Localized flash flood forecasting isa process that is divided into three steps: 1) First, rainfall is observed using meteorological radars, and rainfall predictions are made up to three hours in advance using observed data; 2) Second, any flood (inundation) risk is calculated using predicted rainfall and the hydrologic characteristics of each region, including topography; 3) Third, the predicted rainfall and flood (inundation) risk data is used to assess flash flood risk levels and provide flash flood warnings in realtime. The system under development by the Flash Flood Research Center uses existing flood damage data and detailed regional flood characteristics to extract factors that determine flood depth and degree of flood damage in various regions under varied conditions. The formula derived using this process is used to predict flash flooding risk for areas with no prior flooding data. A dual-polarized radar system is employed to boost the accuracy of the observation data. “Dual polarization is a method of emitting radar beams to observe airborne precipitation particles. In the past, a single-polarized beam that oscillates only in a horizontal direction was emitted to observe precipitation. Even though single-polarized radar is able to measure the intensity of precipitation based on the strength of the reflected radar signals, this technology is unable to distinguish between different types of precipitation, such as rain, snow, or sleet. However, a dual-polarized radar simultaneously emits horizontally and vertically oscillating beams, which allows for the accurate determination of the type of precipitation, including rainfall.” Dr. Hwang also points out that flood risk is manifested through a dynamic process of precipitation, flooding, surging, and landslides. This process was also seen in the flood damage caused by extended periods of torrential rainfall this past summer. Dr. Hwang also notes that the special rainfall alerts, flooding risk alerts, river overflow warnings, and landslide risk forecasts that are currently provided to the public are given individually, and fail to take into consideration all the factors of a given region. With such poor warning systems, people who live in areas with underdeveloped disaster response infrastructure cannot be expected to effectively cope with flood-related disasters. Dr. Hwang also stresses that the state needs to provide general flood risk forecast data to local governments and municipalities, so that they can also engage in disaster prevention and response efforts for small river overflows and landslide risks in upstream areas as well as for flood risks in downstream urban areas. “Local governments need to be able to utilize this information and provide feedback on its effectiveness, as well as to give suggestions for improvement. An organically-linked system allows for the continual enhancement of prediction accuracy. By implementing an accurate prediction system, we will be able to prevent overlapping government investments in disaster prevention systems, and ensure that all Koreans are guaranteed the same standards of safety, regardless of their economic standing.” ▲ [Photo 2] Datafrom meteorological radars used to predict precipitation Efforts Toward a Stronger Forecasting System The Flash Flood Research Center is working on developing original flash flood forecasting technologies, based on quaternary convergence technologies, and implementing a national flash flood forecasting hub under the motto “Confidence in Technology Toward a Better Life.” Once implemented, the flash flood forecasting system currently under development will be capable of generating applied forecasting data that considers regional and user characteristics. This will enable optimized flood forecasting tailored to each user type (i.e. industrial or agricultural). It will also allow the central and local governments to provide accurate and detailed flash flood forecasts one to three hours in advance at the local level. These advancements are expected to greatly improve the general safety of the Korean public in the face of flood risks. “We assessed the system using urban flooding cases from 2020 and found that the system was capable of accurately predicting flood risks in numerous cases. However, our assessments also helped us identify a number of areas for improvement. After we address these areas, the system will be able to more accurately and reliably predict flash flood risks. Differences in urban and mountain village environments mean that calculated risk levels may be manifested entirely differently in real life depending on the area. Differences between areas are caused by artificial structures and varying degrees of urbanization. The flash flood forecasting system we are currently developing will be even more accurate next year as we make further improvements to address area differences.” ▲ [Photo 3] Radar meteorology station onSeodaesan Mountain
Department of Hydro Science and Engineering Research
Date
2020-07-30
Hit
946
Integrated CPS Developed Based on Open Platforms in Response to Accidents/Disasters in High-Rise Complex Facilities
Overview Due to the overcrowding and development of downtown areas, the number of high-rise buildings and underground complexes is increasing, as is the number of major national facilities in metropolitan underground cities. With this increased urban development, there is also a greater likelihood of mass causalities or extensive damage in the case of a disaster or other unprecedented, large-scale accident. The Multi-Disaster Reponse Research Group was established to respond quickly and effectively to accidents and disasters using “risk factor prediction and rapid recovery technology” and “cyber-physical system (CPS)” to reduce the potential damage caused by accidents and disasters in high-rise and complex facilities (National Research Council of Science & Technology, 2016). Disaster Data Collection CPS is a system that uses engineering technology to combine aspects of the physical world and the cyber world, allowing the system to react in real time to different events. Although there are still several technical barriers, the sensor-based CPS is being installed in various venues domestically and overseas as a useful and efficient system for disaster response. The system, designed by the Multi-Disaster Response Research Group, aims at minimizing human casualties in the case of a disaster and is also being developed with the goal of commercialization. Given these main objectives, the research team is focused on analysis and immediate response using existing sensors. When configuring the overall system, from sensor placement to monitoring, information collection was focused in blind spots while seeking ways to stabilize and take full advantage of sensor networks. Analysis and Interpretation of Collected Data In order to actively respond to multiple and diverse disasters, it is necessary to acquire technologies that allow people to quickly detect and analyze disasters and to share reliable information. Therefore, it is necessary to standardize the collection of complex disaster information for large facilities in urban areas. It is also important to evaluate risks for each disaster type, develop analytical algorithms, build a database system for analysis, and develop damage prediction & analysis technology (software). Technologies for multi-disaster analysis and behavior prediction ultimately intend to develop the following core capabilities: * It is necessary to establish standards for multi-disaster sensor data related to skyscrapers and complex facilities, and to develop, HPC-based multi-disaster data analysis and forecasting technology. In this regard, the research team developed guidelines for standardization (v1.0), (including experimental data for each disaster type being used/collected for each task and IoT measurement data). In addition, the team also acquired a multi-disaster analysis prediction technology for highly reliable Korean high-rise complex facilities, and developed HPC-based linked analysis support software (HPC-WS v1.0). * A precision analysis technique was developed in consideration of the interconnected relationships between the super high-rise structures and underground complex facilities to evaluate the dynamic behaviors of precise structures. In addition, the team also developed a “Dynamic Stability Structure Evaluation System.” This was done by building a precisely analyzed DB that considered the dynamic relationship between structures and the ground. In addition, a manual for dynamic analysis was developed in consideration of upper and lower structures and ground conditions (Figure 1). [Figure 1] Dynamic Stability Structural Evaluation System * In terms of flooding, the team sought to develop a technology to predict subsurface flooding based on a quasi-three-dimensional numerical model with a submersion depth error of 5 mm or less in the underground space of complex facilities. An empirical-based, highly accurate flood forecasting database was developed to advance high-accuracy flood forecasting techniques and to develop related technologies for underground complex facilities(Figure2). [Figure 2] High-accuracy flood forecasting method * In terms of fire, a simulator technology was developed to, at the construction planning stage, predict fire hazards that may be present in high-rise/complex facilities and, at the maintenance stage, to predict fire damage. A risk factor and damage scale prediction system was developed that can provide fire response information to those involved in building fires (Figure 3). [Figure 3] Risk factor and damage prediction system * Macroscopic behavior evaluation software and a real-time structural stability prediction database was developed that can be utilized in the case of a fire. This software and database was created through the development of a hybrid fire resistance simulation technology involving an experimental method that can predict the macroscopic behaviors of structures in the event of a fire. The research team also developed a tool to diagnose structural hazards in complex disasters. This was done using software and real-time monitoring data. * The research team also established a disaster risk assessment method based on a multi-disaster scenario affecting a high-rise building. This method was used to propose management standards for the prediction of and quick response to disaster situations. The team developed a high-rise building, multi-disaster scenario database and software (EDPASS) to build a disaster response system. The system enables risk assessment and management for each high-rise building disaster scenario. Through this study, the team developed and secured the analysis technology needed to flexibly respond to multiple disasters. This was done by integrating the following: risk assessment by disaster scenario, such as earthquakes, flooding, and fires in high-rise buildings and complex facilities; the construction of a disaster scenario database; the evaluation of structural conditions; the development of techniques for flood forecasting; and hybrid fire resistance analysis. Early Response and Recovery Measures The research team sought to establish a rapid response system based on real-time disaster monitoring and intelligent forecasting by utilizing an integrated disaster response platform to protect facilities and people in the event of multiple disasters. The response strategy proceeds in the order of earthquake, fire, and flood. For seismic activity, the team developed an interconnected management system for ground structures to secure the structural safety of complex buildings linked to high-rise buildings. In the event of an earthquake, the interconnected management system allows for the evacuation of the people living in the affected facility and determines whether the facility has been damaged. This is done by analyzing information collected from various high-rise and underground complex facilities and various measuring instruments installed in the surrounding area (earthquake accelerometers, surface displacement gauges, groundwater gauges, etc.). To protect against fires, development efforts were made that focused on improving smoke control and evacuation efficiency, both of which are directly related to minimizing human causalities. The research team also developed response technologies, such as smoke protection facilities, evacuation routes and emergency elevators. These technologies are designed to enable safe evacuation and to prevent the collapse of the affected buildings or underground structures for quick recovery following fire extinguishing. Each facility equipped with this system features a CPS, the central control device of the Convergence Research Group, and an intelligent control system that communicates in both directions in real time. For floods, the team sought to develop optimal design techniques to prevent the flooding of underground facilities in complex facilities and to provide evacuation measures for structures and their occupants. As part of these measures, the team developed wireless flooding sensors and flood protection doors. Integrated Disaster Information Platform To ensure a quicker and more efficient response in the case of a disaster, the team developed a platform technology that integrates various distributed information, provides links between fragmented systems, and organically connects information, equipment, and people. The team created organic links, integrated system components, and compiled the real-time disaster response information necessary for disaster response, such as detailed facility information, real-time sensor information, and local information. Through these efforts, the team was able to create intuitive disaster information services based on three-dimensional spatial information to support decision making. The services allow users to respond to scenario-based systemic (automated) disasters through various interconnected measurement sensors and disaster response facilities—this interconnectivity is based on a universally linked interface and systemized SOPs. Figure 4 provides a schematic diagram of an integrated disaster information platform. The main functions of the integrated disaster information platform can be seen in Figure 5. [Figure 4] Schematic diagram of information and system mechanisms handled by the platform [Figure 5] Main functions and services of the integrated disaster information platform * Disaster information linkage, integration, and utilization functions - Integration of various information and sensor-facility-system connection [interface module] - Intuitive disaster information service based on 3D spatial information * CCTV network monitoring [dashboard] - Based on detailed information on each specific facility, such as type/standard/material; Smart maintenance of facilities/equipment and fire vulnerability by space; Smoke diffusion analysis, etc. - Big data-based sensor monitoring and real-time fire detection * Systemic and standard disaster response system (System-SOP service) (Figure 6) - Timely situation control through the organic linkage of information-facilities-people - Systemic (automated) disaster response for effective response within golden time - System-SOP Editor function for building customized SOPs reflecting the characteristics of various sites, such as residential/commercial facilities/plants * On-site disaster support and mobile maintenance service - Real-time communication support between the Disaster Prevention Center and disaster sites - Delivery of step-by-step measures and site statuses - Smart maintenance, such as facility information inquiries, through connections between on-site facilities and data objects [Figure 6] Example of platform operation (Information service dashboard and S-SOP operation) Closing Remarks The earthquake in Gyeongju in 2016 caused many people to realize that the Korean Peninsula is no longer an earthquake-free zone. This earthquake, along with the recent increase in the number of high-rise apartments and buildings nationwide have once again thrust the issue of safety into the limelight. The increased number of high-rises is particularly concerning given that the average citizen has never received basic training on how to respond to a high-rise fire. Disaster is something that is never far away. In fact, a disaster can strike anytime, anywhere. Fortunately, with the development of high-tech industries, new disaster response technologies are constantly being developed. Researchers are conducting research with a strong sense of purpose and responsibility to protect the people and keep them safe. The technologies developed as a result of this research are expected to yield many good results if they are practically and widely used. All citizens should approach disasters with a new perspective and become a proponent of disaster response. It is also important to keep in mind that accidents can always happen due to minor carelessness and/or neglect. accidents can always happen due to minor carelessness and/or neglect.
Date
2020-04-30
Hit
1838
Development of infrastructure to simulate extreme construction environments, and core technologies for construction at a technology readiness level of TRL 6
Development of infrastructure to simulate extreme construction environments, and core technologies for construction at a technology readiness level of TRL 6 This research aims to develop core construction technologies that can be applied in extreme outer-space environments, strategically preempting a global space development paradigm shift toward extraterrestrial settlement construction and resource development. The KICT is developing original and basic technologies for the simulation of extraterrestrial surface environments and the utilization of materials, as well as original technologies for planetary topographic and geological surveys. Specifically, there are four core technology development objectives: the development and validation of a large-scale chamber for the simulation of planetary surface environments; infrastructure construction technologies using locally available planetary materials; technology for the informatization of planetary surface construction spaces, and; the development of planetary geological survey equipment and planetary subsurface informatization technologies. Development and validation of a large-scale chamber for the simulationof planetary surface environments The large-scale DTVC (Dusty Thermal Vacuum Chamber), which simulates the extreme lunar surface environment, is used to test various technologies and equipment developed for lunar exploration, minimizing the risk of failure in actual space environments. The DTVC was fabricated in 2017, and was installed in the KICT’s Future Technology and Convergence Research Building; the DTVC was put into operation in 2019 after completing stabilization testing. The DTVC has acapacity of 50m3, and can simulate a range of lunar surface temperatures (-190 ℃ to +150 ℃) and vacuum conditions (10-7 Mbar-7mbar not including ground; 10-4Mbar-4mbar including ground). Inside the chamber is a large amount of artificial lunar regolith used to assess the impact of space dust (etc.) on the technologies and devices being tested (Figure1). Achieving the targetted vacuum degrees with artificial lunar regolith present in the chamber required the implementation of technology that could create a vacuum environment without disturbing the ground. Ground disturbances are caused by pressure differentials between the top and bottom of the ground, and the dust scattered by these disturbances may flow into the vacuum pumps and gages, causing system failure. Technologies were developed to simulate ground disturbances, and the accuracy of the simulation results was verified through comparisons with actual measurements. Through these efforts, researchers were able to successfully develop a technology that could be used to create a vacuum without ground disturbances; this was achieved by minimizing the amount of dust scattered and controlling decompression speed (Figure 2). Further,to simulate the extreme low temperatures (-190 ℃) of the lunar environment within the DTVC, a thermal flow analysis was conducted to examine shroud cooling performance and to fabricate a new shroud based on the analysis results. The system was engineered to feed liquid nitrogen into the shroud (Figure 3). To simulate high temperatures (+150 ℃) in the lunar environment, halogen lampswere installed in the DTVC. [Figure 1] Large-scaledusty thermal vacuum chamber (DTVC) [Figure 2] Creation of vacuum in ground by controlling decompression rate [Figure 3] Simulating extreme-temperature environments Infrastructure construction technologies using locally available planetary materials Above all else, the construction of a lunar base requires the availability and use of the right construction materials. Transporting materials from the Earth to the Moon to construct a lunar base would result in astronomical costs; as such, the most efficient way of securing materials for lunar base construction is to utilize the regolith locally available on the Moon. However, a solidification process is necessary in order to use lunar regolith as a material for construction; this solidification process is done through sintering. The sintering process involves heating regolith in its powder state to a temperature that is close to its melting point. The heated powder is then compacted to create a single lump. This process can be used to produce a type of construction material, made using only locally available materials, without the need for any binders. Using this method, researchers heated artificial lunar regolith to temperatures of 1,100 ℃ or more in a microwave sintering furnace. The uniaxial compressive strength of the resulting material was measured to assess its usability as a construction material and was found to have, on average, a strength of 20MPa or greater (Figure 4). Research to fabricate blocks of a size that can actually be used for construction is currently underway. [Figure4] Microwave sintering apparatus and sintered body of lunar regolith Technology for the informatization of planetary surface construction spaces The aim of this study was to develop unmanned, vehicle-based, 3-dimensional topographical informatization techniques for the creation of high-precision, 3-dimensional topographic maps, which are necessary to complete engineering and construction projects on the surface of the Moon. Self- and system-calibration was performed by master cameras mounted on unmanned vehicles, optical lens distortion was corrected, and the relative positions of the cameras were determined. A simulated planetary surface comprised of craters, boulders, hills, pebbles, and soil was created in the KICT’s SOC Experiment Center, and testing was performed on the unmanned topographical informatization techniques (Figure 5).. [Figure 5] Unmanned vehicle and test site for unmanned topographical informatization technology development [Figure 6] Development of deep learning-based target object/area recognition technology, and cross-image subject identification and sync technology Development of planetary geological survey equipment and planetary subsurface informatization technologies Landersand rovers need to be equipped with drilling equipment in order to analyze theice and subsurface resources located at the poles of the Moon. These devices must be small, lightweight, low-power, highly efficient, and high-performance units in order to function properly under the extreme conditions of the lunar environment. Researchers have developed a prototype drilling apparatus able to operate in atmospheric and cold environments. For ease of transport, the prototype was created to be 0.27 m3 in size with a weight of just 18.5 kg; it was also designed to consume only 44.4 W in power. Preliminary testing of the prototype drilling apparatus was performed using artificial ice in a freeze chamber. This preliminary testing was followed by field testing in which the prototype was used for drilling sea ice and frozen soil near Jangbogo Station in Antarctica under low-power, low reaction force, and waterless conditions (Figure 7). A drilling reliability of 60% or greater was achieved at between 50 and 100N vertical reaction force and 25 to 125 RPMs. [Figure 7] Configuration of prototype drilling apparatus for planetary subsurface exploration; drilling sea ice and frozen soil at Jangbogo Research Station in Antarctica
Department of Future&Smart Construction Research
Date
2020-03-26
Hit
1722
Development of Korean Hanji filter
ㅇ Overview - Development of high added value new material for removing environmental pollutants by combining state-of-the-art science and technology with traditional Hanji cellulose fiber - Addressing the social problem of major pollutants such as fine particulate matter and VOCs, and developing environmental material production technologies, thereby gaining a competitive edge over advanced economies ㅇ Research Contents ￮ Development of Hanji filter and activated charcoal-infused Hanji filter - Developed technology: Cellulose fiber is dispersed in a solvent by adding non-polar material such as tertiary butyl alcohol to prevent the wind-up phenomenon. Free-drying is used to evaporate the solvent to prepare a porous (porosity: 90%) Hanji filter with layered cellulose fibers. A cation bonding agent is used to evenly and electrostatically bind powdered activated charcoal to the cellulose Hanji fiber, resulting in an activated charcoal-infused Hanji filter from which the powdered activated charcoal does not come loose and which is able to simultaneously remove fine particulate matter and VOCs. ￮ Synthesis of porous aluminosilicate zeolite containing a regenerable iron component - Developed technology: Ammonium iron citrate is chemically bound to an aluminosilicate frame to synthesize porous zeolite containing an iron component that is able to absorb and remove VOCs. VOCs adsorbed by zeolite are radiated with UV light, causing electrons to be released from the iron component within the porous material. This, in turn, causes oxidation (photo-fenton oxidation) of the VOCs. Absorption and oxidation (regeneration) can be carried out on-site, allowing infinite reuse. Porous Hanji Filter ㅇ Research Achievements ￮ Technological value - The commercialized fine particulate matter removal technologies currently used worldwide involve electrical dust collection devices that are primarily for industrial use only. Dust filters produced by companies such as Samsung and LG for the removal of fine particulate matter in household environments use discontinuous fiber spinning (melting blown, electro spinning, etc.) technology. This technology is used to coat a non-woven fabric with synthetic fibers; the non-woven fabric is then folded into a metal enclosure through which air can freely pass. A widely used adsorbent for the removal of VOCs is activated charcoal; however, the greatest problem associated with activated charcoal is the high cost of facilities used for regeneration. The technologies currently used cause environmental pollution, and production has been migrated to developing economies such as China and India. - A “porous Hanji filter” and “activated charcoal-infused porous Hanji filter” have been developed as part of this study. This technology, which is unique to Korea, involves the simultaneous removal of fine particulate matter and VOCs using a single flat sheet/filter. “Photo-fenton oxidation” technology using iron-containing zeolite and UV irradiation is a new concept in VOC removal and allows for absorption and filter absorbent regeneration. This newly developed technology is designed to replace many of the preexisting technologies developed by advanced economies. - The fine particulate matter (1 um – 10 um) removal efficiency of a single “activated charcoal-infused porous filter” is 99% at 1m/sec flux. Up to 99% BTEX removal is also possible. The “iron-containing zeolite + UV irradiation” technology is able to readily remove pollutants and is easy to regenerate, allowing for semi-permanent use. iron-containing zeolite + UV irradiation ￮ Scientific value - Approximately 16 articles have been published in SCI(E) journals on the Hanji filter and its iron-containing zeolite technology, which serves as further proof of the scientific value of the technology. In particular, an article relating to iron-containing zeolite and UV irradiation was published in J. of Hazardous Materials (I/F:6.5). ￮ Social value - In recent times, fine particulate matter, volatile carcinogens, and new house & building syndrome have been keywords in some of the social issues in Korea. - To remove fine particulate matter and VOCs using current technologies, a dual filter combining a non-woven fabric filter and an activated charcoal filter is necessary. However, using the activated charcoal-infused Hanji filter, both fine particulate matter and VOCs can be removed using a single filter. The iron-containing zeolite can be regenerated and reused. - The technology developed through this study is significant in that it uses unique Korean traditional technology to provide a solution to problems experienced by our society, allowing it to replace technologies currently being used by other advanced countries. ￮ Economic value (10) - The price of indoor dust filters, including non-woven fabric filters and activated charcoal filters, is approximately KRW 200,000 per set, but the price of a Hanji filter is KRW 10,000/filter, approximately 1/10 of conventional filters. Also, whereas activated charcoal filters require housings, no particular housing is required when using iron-containing zeolite. ㅇ Expected Effects ￮ Technological value - Development of Korean Hanji filter able to simultaneously remove fine particulate matter and VOCs - Development of iron-containing absorbents capable of regeneration, replacing technologies used by advanced economies ￮ Social benefits - Indoors: Can be used in the manufacture of air conditioner and air purifier filters (for simultaneous removal of fine particulate matter and VOCs) - Outdoors: Filters for HVAC system air intakes for public facilities such as schools and department stores
Department of Hydro Science and Engineering Research
Date
2019-11-26
Hit
1316
Development of civil works planning and management support system based on 3-dimensional geospatial information model
ㅇ Overview - 3-dimensional scanning and drones, representative elementary technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, were used to develop a world map platform able to model changes in geospatial information at the construction sites of large-scale civil works; the developed system uses this platform to perform construction planning and management. ㅇ Research Contents - Thousands to hundreds of millions of 3-dimensional point cloud data acquired from sites using drones, terrestrial laser scanners (TLS), and mobile mapping systems (MMS) were combined using a World Geodetic System (GRS80) to produce a World Map with improved precision. A data processing and storage function for uploading and managing civil works-related data to a cloud server in real time has been developed. - Also, a GPS-based site management mobile application (APP) was developed for the checking and management of construction site soil characteristics and risk factors, etc. ㅇ Research Achievements - Developed technologies featured in 1 overseas journal article, 1 domestic journal article, 1 overseas academic presentation, and 1 domestic academic presentation on Fourth Industrial Revolution construction technologies (relating to drones and automation) - Use of smart technologies and development of system functions to shorten existing work processes; expected 20% increase in production and 50% cost reduction in the construction and project management stages Item Newly developed technologies Conventional technologies Functions/performance - 3D terrain modeling + reflection of soil characteristics - Construction planning support through the 3D analysis of cell generation and the management of data related to factors influencing civil works - Data, including information on soil characteristics, can be exported and shared in various formats - 3D terrain modeling - Lack of construction planning support - Does not reflect soil characteristics/data Advantages and disadvantages - Comparisons of planning drawings and current ground status at each construction phase to perform earth-volume calculations and process analyses - Provides soil characteristics data and information on work-influencing factors when establishing civil works plans, improving planning accuracy - Earth-volume calculations provided by simply comparing planning drawings with the current ground state Economy - Approximately 50% cost savings compared to conventional earth-volume calculations using total station surveying - 25% improvement in civil works precision; 20% improvement in productivity - Conventional total station (TS) surveying is time-consuming and provides low earth-volume calculation precision ㅇ Expected Effects - In 2018, the government announced its Sixth Master Plan for Construction Industry Development, along with its Smart Construction Roadmap. The smart construction and construction drone markets are expected to grow by an average of 12% per year, and it is expected that the technology developed through this research will be adopted by the industry. - Smart construction (construction and construction project management) practices are expected to spread into various construction areas, including civil works, road construction, and tunnel construction.
Date
2019-10-23
Hit
788
Development of technology to improve productivity and adapt modular construction to medium-rise buildings
ㅇ Overview Development of technology to improve constructability, economy, and productivity of medium-rise buildings of 13 stories and higher to meet demands for small houses, which have increased due to an increase in the number of small one- to two-person households - Development of medium-rise modular design/engineering technology, with enactment and revision of institutions to promote modular construction; technology to be used in public rental housing and school dormitories, etc. ㅇ Research Contents - Development of steel-PC compound modules, medium-rise compound module cores, fire-resistant performance enhancing technologies for modular construction, and dedicated integrated BIM system for modular design, fabrication, construction, and maintenance - Development of technologies to optimize factory fabrication of project-specific modules, boosting productivity by 20%; development of technologies—modular construction disassembly and reuse technologies—to diversify modular construction materials - Vibration damping and unit packaging systems to prevent in-transport damage to medium-rise construction modules, with medium-rise module lifting and installation processes to streamline on-site construction ㅇ Research Achievements - Detailed design documents for virtual mockup (building, mechanical, electrical) - Implementation of main module for integrated modular building project management system (iBIMS) completed - Performance testing for combined steel-PC module joints and combined PC panels for modular cores, providing RC core-equivalent performance - Produced (tentative) plan to ensure 3-hour fire resistant performance for carbon steel square tubes used in buildings of 13 stories or higher - Produced ‘(Tentative) Plan for the Improvement of the Fire Resistant Construction Accreditation System for Modular Housing’ - Established basic directions for the execution of a medium-rise modular construction pilot project (project implementation, project scale, project funding, etc.) - In-transport module vibration testing using real vehicle transports; (tentative) master plan for vibration damping systems; design documents for module transport vibration damping systems - Development of construction tolerance management plan for medium-rise modular construction sites ㅇ Expected Effects - Possibility of developing convergence technologies in the modular construction field as necessitated by the Fourth Industrial Revolution - Possible paradigm shift in construction by adopting factory production instead of on-site production practices - Reduction of construction time through the fabrication of upwards of 80% of parts in factories; 12% reduction of labor costs through factory production, and 50% reduction of on-site work time due to the prompt and timely supply of large volumes of constructed materials - Modular construction has various environmental and social advantages, allowing the realization of environmentally friendly and sustainable construction practices.
Department of Building Research
Date
2019-08-28
Hit
407
Development of 3D printing design methods, materials, and equipment for small buildings and irregular-shaped forms
1. Overview ㅇ Development of design technologies and building of 3D printing materials and equipment technologies to produce new building products (small buildings, irregular-shaped structural/non-structural forms and interior/exterior finishing materials, etc.), and utilization of innovative building methods to shorten the construction period and reduce construction costs - 60% reduction in frame construction time for small buildings (100 m2), from 5+ days to 2 days 3D-printed bench and irregular-shaped panel 2. Research Contents ㅇ Development of 3D printing products for buildings and construction/structural guidelines, and conducting of testbed study - Development of product planning and design technology for construction using 3D printing - 3D printing structural stability technology developed for small buildings and irregular-shaped forms - Development of 3D printing construction monitoring system for small buildings and irregular-shaped forms - Constructability review for small buildings and irregular-shaped forms, and development of testbed - Testbed design for small buildings and irregular-shaped forms; drafting of design guide - Improvement of building 3D printing-related institutions, and establishment of commercialization strategy ㅇ Development and standardization of technologies for the manufacture of compound construction materials for 3D printing construction - Development of interior and exterior finishing materials using compound construction materials for 3D printing, and development of standards - Development of compound construction materials for 3D printing of exterior finishing materials - Development of on-site manufacturing technologies for 3D printing of exterior finishing materials - Development of compound concrete materials for 3D printing of structural materials - Development of chemical admixtures for 3D printing of concrete - Development of quality control process technologies for 3D printing of concrete products ㅇ Development of 3D printing construction equipment (equipment capable of indoor and outdoor production) - Development of 3D printing equipment and production technologies for irregular-shaped forms - On-site and off-site additive manufacturing equipment for vertical structures of small buildings - Development of extrudability evaluation platform for core components of 3D printing construction equipment and compound construction materials - Development of 3D printing equipment and production technologies to implement temporary structure systems for irregular-shaped buildings 3D-printed building products and prototype equipment 3. Research Achievements ㅇ Technological value - Printed 2 sets of small concrete benches and panel (1 m x 1 m) using 3D printing - Printed 3 types of 3D-printed building products and performed construction method review - Fabrication and testing of 3D printing material prototypes - Fabricated equipment with dimensions of 2 m x 1.5 m x 1 m (W x L x H) - Research will continue with the aim of reducing construction time for cast-in-place concrete for small buildings (up to 100 m2) (at least 5 days for conventional framework → completion within 2 days) ㅇ Social value - Securing core technologies in 3D-printed construction; creation of new markets through technology commercialization; improved competitive power for the construction industry 4. Expected Effects ㅇ Promotes Korean technological prowess in the 3D printing construction market, which is growing rapidly worldwide ㅇ Supply of 3D printing design and construction technologies through R&D and the institutionalization of design, structure, and construction guidelines ㅇ Increased exports and gaining an economic advantage over other countries through the development of 3D printing mortar ㅇ In situ utilization of medium- and large-sized 3D printing equipment through collaboration with builders ㅇ Creation of 3D-printed landmarks for use as tourism and cultural attractions
Department of Future&Smart Construction Research
Date
2019-07-24
Hit
537
Development of infrastructure to simulate extreme construction environments, and core technologies for construction at technology readiness level TRL 6
ㅇ Overview - The aim of this research is to develop infrastructure to simulate surface environments on other planets, along with original core technologies for space construction to establish a foundation for construction in space. ㅇ Research Contents - Basic original technologies for the simulation of surface environments on other planets and the utilization of available materials - Development of world's largest full-scale thermal vacuum chamber (Volume 50 m³; high vacuum not exceeding 10-4 Torr; extreme 190 ℃–150 ℃ environments) - Simulation of Lunar and Martian dust construction environments including solar energy levels, and study of space construction phenomena - Technology to simulate and analyze ground decompression in a vacuum - Development of construction materials simulating physio-chemical characteristics of locally available materials - Development of sintering technologies for solidifying locally available materials - Basic original technology for topographic survey and subsurface exploration of extraterrestrial planets - Development of unmanned topographic surveying technology for the development of precise, three-dimensional topographical models with a 1 m accuracy level in low light environments up to 1 Lux in GPS blind spots - Development of high-efficiency (up to 150 W average power consumption), lightweight (up to 25 kg) and small (not exceeding 0.5 m3) 15 MPa drilling equipment - Development of basic original technologies for thermal and hydrological simulation of planetary ground ㅇ Research Achievements - Fundamental technologies for world's first attempted full-scale thermal vacuum chamber ․ Control technologies to reach a target vacuum of 10-4 Torr without ground disturbance in a vacuum chamber containing 150 kg of simulated regolith at a depth of 20 cm - Completed development of low-power, 50 W-class geological surveying equipment, weighing 20 kg and capable of surveying depths of up to 1 m ․ Development of low-power (44.4 W), lightweight (13.2 kg), small (0.26 m3), high-strength (15 MPa), medium-depth (1 m) drilling equipment - Utilization of lunar surface environment simulation infrastructure to support national lunar exploration programs and to establish foundation for participation in overseas space exploration programs ㅇ Expected Effects - Secures technological leadership through the implementation of the world's first full-scale space construction environment simulation facility - Secures strategic technology dominance through the development of technologies for the utilization of locally available resources in space - Uses developed technology as a fundamental technology to support the government’s space program diversification policies and to manage social issues (fine particulate matter, ultraviolet rays/radiation, etc.) - Expected expansion of construction domain and development of new markets through new spatial development in extreme environments, and effective support for energy development in water-stressed and extreme environments
Department of Future&Smart Construction Research
Date
2019-05-30
Hit
443
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